Marsh boat( Mashhoof)

The mashhoof is a small boat, ranging in length from (6-9) cubits, and its width is two cubits.

It is used for transportation and fishing in marshes and water bodies, and is considered one of the oldest means of water transportation, as it was made by the Sumerians more than five thousand years ago in southern Mesopotamia, and it has maintained its crescent shape since that time, and the inhabitants of the marshes inherited its manufacture from their fathers and grandfathers until this day.

The Sumerians used reeds, tree branches and tar to make boats, but the materials used in their manufacture evolved over time. When Hussein started making boats, his father used wood, nails and tar, then he started using cotton as well. Now Hussein and the remaining boat makers use "fiberglass", imported wood and local wood, and tar is still present as a basic material in making this type of boat. The history of Sumerian boats dates back to the Sumerian civilization that appeared in Iraq about 5000 years BC, where the craftsmen of the ancient people of Iraq made boats from reeds to travel on the Euphrates River.

A Norwegian scientist believes that the boat was also used at sea to reach Sindh and Pakistan, and it was also used on the Nile River.

The marshes consist of water bodies containing parts of reeds and houses built of reeds as well, and these water bodies were entered on the World Heritage List on July 18, 2016.

The inhabitants of the marshes are called Ma'dan, the singular of which is Ma'adi, which is the name by which they are known in the Iraqi dialect, and they are also called in English (Arabs of the Marshes), which means Arabs of the Marshes, and they are an Iraqi population group whose original homeland is the marshlands region in southern Iraq.

The Ma'dan are distinguished by their buffalo breeding and their reliance on hunting as a source of livelihood, and they are distinguished by their houses made entirely of reeds and mats.

Some believe that the area is the site called the "Garden of Eden".

Reed boats are still used in Peru, Bolivia, Ethiopia, and until recently in Corfu. Explorations and investigations conducted by the Norwegian ethnographer and adventurer Thor Heyerdahl have led to a better understanding of the structure and capabilities of reed boats.

When boarding a traditional boat in the Iraqi marshes, it is important to follow specific guidelines to ensure safety and enjoy the cultural experience. Here are the key instructions:

Safety Measures:

1.Wear a Life Jacket: All passengers must wear a life jacket before boarding the boat.

2.Sit Safely: Stay seated in designated areas and avoid standing or sudden movements to maintain balance.

3.Follow the Captain’s Instructions: Listen carefully to the boat captain and follow all safety directions.

4.Avoid Carrying Heavy Items: Do not bring heavy or unnecessary luggage that may affect the boat’s stability.

5.No Smoking or Open Flames: Smoking and lighting fires are strictly prohibited to prevent any danger.

Cultural Practices:

1.Respect the Natural Environment: Do not throw trash into the water and help keep the marshes clean.

2.Avoid Disturbing Wildlife: Refrain from making loud noises that could disturb birds and aquatic animals.

3.Take Photos Respectfully: You may take photos, but it’s polite to ask permission before photographing locals or their property.

4.Engage Kindly with Locals: Show respect for the customs and traditions when interacting with marshland residents.

Preparation for the Trip:

1.Wear Comfortable Clothing: Choose comfortable and weather-appropriate clothing.

2.Use Sunscreen: Protect your skin from direct sunlight.

3.Bring Drinking Water: Stay hydrated throughout the trip.

4.Carry a First Aid Kit: Be prepared for any minor emergencies.

Emergency Instructions:

1.Know the Location of Safety Equipment: Familiarize yourself with where life jackets and safety tools are stored.

2.Stay Calm in Emergencies: Remain calm and follow the captain’s instructions in case of any emergency.

Following these guidelines ensures a safe and enjoyable experience while exploring the beauty and cultural richness of the Iraqi marshes.